UCI Broadlawns Patient Toolkit

UCI Broadlawns Patient Toolkit

Prostate Cancer PATIENT TOOLKIT

ABOUT PROSTATE CANCER

PROSTATE CANCER 101 Other than skin cancer, prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in U.S. men. It is estimated that 268,490 men will be diagnosed this year. Fortunately, when diagnosed early, prostate cancer has a better chance of being treated effectively, and nearly 98 percent of men diagnosed today will be alive in five years. The prostate is a small, walnut-shaped gland in the male reproductive system. It sits just below the bladder and surrounds the upper part of the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder. The prostate is necessary for reproduction and helps make some of the fluid in semen. It also produces prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a substance that may increase if a man has prostate cancer. Elevated PSA levels don’t always mean cancer. PSA levels can also increase due to age, recent sexual or physical activity, or an enlarged or inflamed prostate gland. What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer occurs when prostate cells stop behaving normally. Normal cells grow, divide, and die on a regular basis. Sometimes something goes wrong with this process and the cells don’t die as they should. Instead, they grow and divide and cause a tumor. Tumors can be benign, meaning non-cancerous, or malignant, meaning cancerous. Most prostate cancer grows very slowly with many men never knowing they have the disease. However, some prostate cancers are aggressive and will spread beyond the prostate to other parts of the body such as the bones, lymph nodes, and lungs.

PENIS

URETHRA

ANUS

TESTIS

SCROTUM

RISK FACTORS Prostate cancer is most frequently detected with a PSA blood test and a digital rectal exam (DRE). Both tests can easily be done in a doctor’s office. If there is concern with the results of the PSA test or DRE, the doctor might request a biopsy, which is how prostate cancer is diagnosed. It is important to understand your personal risk and talk with your doctor about routine testing. Early detection saves lives. Risk Factors All men are at risk of developing prostate cancer at some time in their lives, Symptoms and the Importance of Early Detection Most men do not have symptoms when prostate cancer is at an early stage. Some symptoms, such as frequent or painful urination, difficulty urinating, blood in the urine, or painful ejaculation, can be mistaken for other disorders. Common symptoms of advanced prostate cancer may include pelvic or back pain, leg weakness, anemia, and weight loss.

but certain factors may increase a man’s chances of a diagnosis: • Age – almost all prostate cancer occurs in men 50 and over • Race – African-American men are 1.8 times more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and 2.2 times more likely to die from the disease

FAMILY HISTORY

RACE

DIET

AGING

• Family history – father, brother, or a son with a diagnosis • Diet – eating large amounts of animal fat can increase risk • Chemical exposure – those exposed to Agent Orange and other chemicals • Genes – certain genetic mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2

GENE CHANGES

CHEMICALS

A PATIENT EDUCATION SERIES

ABOUT PROSTATE CANCER

Treatment If prostate cancer is diagnosed, your doctor will determine the extent (Stage) and grade (Gleason score) of the cancer. This information helps identify the best treatment options for your situation. Learning all you can about treatment options and finding the right prostate cancer care team will help you make the most informed decisions. Many treatments for prostate cancer can cause side effects that are disruptive, such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Consider all of your options before deciding on a plan, especially if diagnosed with slow-growing cancer that is not aggressive. Treatment options include: • Active surveillance • Ultrasound • Radiation • Chemotherapy • Surgery • Immunotherapy • Hormone therapy • Targeted therapy Your doctor and care team should be open to any questions you have regarding your diagnosis, and they should be fully supportive of any second opinions you might wish to seek. Survivorship

QUESTIONS FOR THE DOC

• What is the stage of my cancer? • Has my cancer spread and, if so, how far? • What are all of my treatment options? • What are the possible side effects of each treatment? • Should I get a second opinion?

Once you have completed your treatment, talk with your doctor about your follow-up plan. Find out what tests are recommended and how often you need to return for screening. It is important to stay on top of your screenings. Ask about a treatment summary. This is a convenient way to record your diagnosis and any treatment decisions you and your care team have made to fight the disease. A treatment summary is a helpful tool for any doctors who care for you during your lifetime.

Life after treatment for prostate cancer may be different from before you were diagnosed. Remember, you are not alone. More than 3.1 million men are living with prostate cancer in the U.S. Continue talking to your healthcare providers about nutrition, physical therapy, ongoing side effects, and how you can not only survive, but thrive.

We encourage you to use this information in conversations with your healthcare team about prostate cancer and related topics. For more information about prostate cancer and ZERO – The End of Prostate Cancer, visit our website www.zerocancer.org/learn. LEARN MORE

ZERO - The End of Prostate Cancer provides this information as a service. It is not intended to take the place of medical professionals or the recommendations of your healthcare team. We strongly suggest consulting your healthcare team if you have questions about your specific care.

PROSTATE CANCER FACT SHEET

More than 3.1 million men are living with prostate cancer in the U.S. 268,490 American men are expected to be diagnosed with prostate cancer this year and 34,500 are expected to die from the disease.

The relative 5-year survival rate for prostate cancer diagnosed in its earliest stages is nearly 100%. The survival rate for advanced disease drops to 31%.

Genetic factors may play a role in a prostate cancer diagnosis. The BRCA gene, most commonly known in breast cancer, has also been linked to prostate cancer and ovarian cancer. Genetic, or hereditary, prostate cancer is thought to make up approximately 10% of all prostate cancer diagnoses. Screening for prostate cancer is quick and easy and is done with a simple blood test and a physical exam: • A PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test measures the amount of PSA in the blood. • A DRE (digital rectal exam) is a physical exam performed by a healthcare provider using a gloved, lubricated finger to feel the prostate for abnormalities.

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Every 15 minutes another American man dies from prostate cancer.

15 minutes

1 in 8 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in his lifetime. That number increases to 1 in 7 for African- American men. Several factors are thought to increase a person’s risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer, including age, race/ethnicity, and family history. African-American men are 1.8 times more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and 2.2 times more likely to die from the disease. The incidence of prostate cancer among African- American men is 73% higher than in white men. Black men in the U.S. and Caribbean have the highest prostate cancer incidence rates in the world.

If the results of a PSA blood test or a DRE come back abnormal, the healthcare provider will recommend a biopsy. The only way to confirm prostate cancer is with a biopsy.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis among U.S. Veterans. 1 in 5 military personnel are expected to be diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, and eating a heart-healthy diet can help reduce the risk of a prostate cancer diagnosis.

A PATIENT EDUCATION SERIES

HOW TO GET INVOLVED WITH ZERO

1. Sign up for a Run/Walk or Team ZERO endurance events at zerocancer.run. 2. Sign up to receive our e-newsletter and blog updates. 3. Visit zerocancer.org/store to shop for good. 4. Follow ZERO on social media! 5. Host a local event in your community with ZERO’s educational materials.

6. Share your story and become one of ZERO’s Heroes. 7. Attend the ZERO Prostate Cancer Summit! Sign up at zerocancer.org/summit. 8. Become a local advocate for ZERO in your community. Learn more at zerocancer.org/advocacy. 9. Donate to ZERO at zerocancer.org/donate. 10. Participate in prostate cancer research. Learn more at www.zerocancer.org/research-opportunity.

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Understanding Prostate Cancer Imaging Understanding Prostate Cancer Imaging Understanding Prostate Cancer Imaging UNDERSTANDING PROSTATE CANCER IMAGING

Prostate Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Prostate Cancer Detection and Diagnosis antigen (PSA) blood test and a digital rectal biopsy , diagnose , and stage prostate cancer. Imaging scans can also help determine if and where the cancer has spread , plan treatment Prostate Cancer Detection and Diagnosis antigen (PSA) blood test and a digital rectal biopsy , diagnose , and stage prostate cancer. Imaging scans can also help determine if and where the cancer has spread , plan treatment antigen (PSA) blood test and a digital rectal biopsy , diagnose , and stage prostate cancer. Imaging scans can also help determine if and where the cancer has spread , plan treatment

Imaging Type Imaging Type Imaging Type

About the Imaging Scan About the Imaging Scan About the Imaging Scan

Conventional Imaging Conventional Imaging Conventional Imaging

Ultrasound • Used to look for suspicious areas in the prostate Bone Scan • Shows prostate cancer that may have spread to bones • MRI Scan • Used to determine if a biopsy is needed • Guides needles for a biopsy • Can help determine the stage of prostate cancer CT Scan • Detects prostate cancer in lymph nodes • After a recurrence, can help determine organ involvement Ultrasound • Used to look for suspicious areas in the prostate Bone Scan Shows prostate cancer that may have s read to bones • MRI Scan Used to determine if a biopsy is needed • Guides needles for a biopsy • Can help determine the stage of prostate cancer CT Scan Detects prostate canc r in lymph n des • After a recurrence, can help determin organ involvement Ultrasound • Used to look for suspicious areas in the prostate Bone Scan • Shows prostate cancer that may have spread to bones • MRI Scan • Used to determine if a biopsy is needed • Guides needles for a biopsy • Can help determine the stage of prostate cancer CT Scan • Detects prostate cancer in lymph nodes • After a recurrence, can help determine organ involvement

Advanced Imaging Advanced Imaging Advanced Imaging

PET/CT Scan PET/CT Scan PET/CT Scan

• Shows images of prostate cancer that may have spread • Are often less detailed than MRI or CT images • Uses new and advanced imaging agents to detect cancer Shows images of prostat canc that may have spread • Are often less detailed than MRI or CT images • Uses new and advanced imaging agents to detect cancer • Shows images of prostate cancer that may have spread • Are often less detailed than MRI or CT images • Uses new and advanced imaging agents to detect cancer

Advanced Imaging and New Imaging Agents All imaging tests have limitations. Some are better at detecting cancer in lymph nodes, some work best if the PSA levels are rising, and others may miss small areas of prostate cancer that have come back or spread. With the discovery of new imaging agents, these pictures of the inside of the body make it easier to see prostate cancer cells, even in small amounts, that have traveled outside the prostate to other places in the body. These advances are improving how a patient’s prognosis, or outcome, is determined, if a treatment is working, and how treatment decisions are made. Advanced Imaging and New Imaging Agents ll imaging tests have limitations. Some are better at detecting cancer in lymph nodes, some work best if the PSA levels are rising, and others may miss small areas of prostate cancer that have come back or spread. With the discovery of new imaging agents, these pictures of the inside of the body make it easier to see prostate cancer cells, even in small amounts, that have traveled outside the prostate to other places in the body. These advances are improving how a patient’s prognosis, or outcom , is determined, if a treatment is working, and how treatment decisions are made. Advanced Imaging and New Imaging Agents All imaging tests have limitations. Some are better at detecting cancer in lymph nodes, some work best if the PSA levels are rising, and others may miss small areas of prostate cancer that have come back or spread. With the discovery of new imaging agents, these pictures of the inside of the body make it easier to see prostate cancer cells, even in small amounts, that have traveled outside the prostate to other places in the body. These advances are improving how a patient’s prognosis, or outcome, is determined, if a treatment is working, and how treatment decisions are made.

1. What are the differences between a CT scan, MRI scan, and PET/CT scan? 2. Will I need more than one imaging scan? 3. How long do these scans take and how do I prepare? 4. How often will I need to have scans? 5. What kind of imaging agent will be used? Should I be concerned about side effects from any of the imaging agents? 6. 7. Does my PSA level have to be rising to qualify for any of these imaging scans? 8. What will the results tell me? Should I be concerned about side eff cts from any of the imaging agents? 6 7 Does my PSA level have to be rising to qualify for any of these im ing scans? 8 What will the results tell me? Should I be concerned about side effects from any of the imaging agents? 6. 7. Does my PSA level have to be rising to qualify for any of these imaging scans? 8. What will the results tell me? Be sure to talk to your doctor about which scans might be best for you. Here are some questions to get you started: 1. What are the difference between a CT scan, MRI scan, and PET/CT scan? 2 ill I need more than one imaging scan? 3 How long do these sca s take and how do I prepare? 4 often will I n ed to have scans? 5 What kind of imaging agent will be used? 1. What are the differences between a CT scan, MRI scan, and PET/CT scan? 2. Will I need more than one imaging scan? 3. How long do these scans take and how do I prepare? 4. How often will I need to have scans? 5. What kind of imaging agent will be used? Questions to AskYour Doctor Questions to AskYour Doctor Be sure to talk to your doctor about which scans might b best for you. Here are s me q estions to get you started: Be sure to talk to your doctor about which scans might be best for you. Here are some questions to get you started: Questions to AskYour Doctor

CT=Computed Tomography; DRE=Digital Rectal Exam; MRI=Magnetic Resonance Imaging; PET=Positron Emission Tomography; PSA=Prostate-Specific Antigen CT=Computed Tomography; DRE=Digital Rectal Exam; MRI=Magnetic Resonance Imaging; PET=Positron Emission Tomography; PSA=Prostate-Specific Antigen CT=Computed Tomography; DRE=Digital Rectal Exam; MRI=Magnetic Resonance Imaging; PET=Positron Emission Tomography; PSA=Prostate-Specific Antigen

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Prostate Cancer Support Programs

ZERO offers direct resources for all those impacted by prostate cancer.

“I was alone in my doctor’s office when I first heard the words, ‘You have prostate cancer.’ I felt scared and confused. My life as I knew it was about to change. Contacting ZERO was the best thing I ever did; it changed my life! Each day spent with prostate cancer is a fight. I’m grateful to you for helping make sure a ZERO360 case manager was there to assist me every step of the way.”

ZERO360: Comprehensive Patient Support 1-844-244-1309 (Toll-Free) zerocancer.org/zero360 ZERO360 is a free, comprehensive patient support service that helps patients navigate insurance, find financial aid resources, connect with support services, and secure access to care. ZERO’s experienced case managers are ready to help men and their families through their personal prostate cancer journeys.

Online Support Services A variety of online support services are available to help men affected by prostate cancer and their loved ones to connect with others who are going through, or have gone through, similar situations. ZERO Connect is a Facebook-based support group for participants to share stories, ask questions, and connect. Invite-only Facebook groups also exist for Caregivers and Black Men. The Inspire Online Support Community ( ustoo.inspire.com ) connects patients, families, friends, and caregivers to enhance the quality of life for all those affected by prostate cancer. Peer Support MENtor is a peer support network at zerocancer.org/mentor for anyone who has received a prostate cancer diagnosis or has experienced a recurrence. ZERO’s trained, volunteer MENtors represent many different prostate cancer journeys and have a wealth of insights to share based on their experiences. The ZERO Caregiver Connector Program at zerocancer.org/caregiver-connector matches prostate cancer caregivers with others who have been in similar situations. Both MENtors and Caregiver Connectors provide valuable one-to-one support customized to meet individual needs. ZERO Drive zerocancer.org/drive Transportation-related financial assistance is available to prostate cancer patients currently undergoing treatment, receiving follow-up care, or attending ongoing provider appointments due to a prostate cancer diagnosis.* Check the website to see if ZERO Drive is available in your state. More states will be added to the program soon. * While funds are available. Educational Resources zerocancer.org ZERO offers a variety of educational resources for prostate cancer awareness, early detection, screening, treatment, and side effects. Literature is available in print and digital format and webinars featuring prostate cancer experts are scheduled regularly. Each year, the ZERO Prostate Cancer Summit brings patients, caregivers, and advocates together to hear the latest information from prostate cancer experts. Us TOO Support Groups zerocancer.org/supportgroups Us TOO Support Groups offer in-person and virtual support for those affected by prostate cancer. These groups, led by local Support Group Leaders, meet regularly to provide peer support, resources, and education to empower men to make informed decisions on testing, treatment, and management of side effects. Groups are also available for special interests, including: Veterans, Black Men, Gay Men and their Partners (All LGBTQIA+ welcome), Caregivers, Spanish Language, Deaf Men, and others.

ZERO - THE END OF PROSTATE CANCER

ZEROCANCER.ORG

ARE YOU A PROSTATE CANCER PATIENT IN IOWA? ARE YOU A PROSTATE CANCER PATIENT IN IOWA? PR STAT ATIENT N NEW YORK? RE O O E I

The ZERO Drive Program provides direct transportation - related financial assistance for prostate cancer patients in Iowa . The ZERO Drive Program provides direc transportation - related financial assistance prostate cancer pat ent n Iowa . i s prostate cancer patients in New York . T R ri e vi s irect trans rtatio l ial istance for r st t an i t i Io a .

April 28, 2020 | 2:00 PM | University Parking Grounds Call 844-244-1309 or visit zerocancer.org/drive to learn more and apply ! Call 844-244-1309 or visit zerocancer.org/drive to learn more and apply ! Call 844-244-1309 or visit zerocancer.org/drive to learn more and ap ly ! A n er y 9 April 28, 2020 | 2:00 PM | University Parking Grounds April 28, 2020 | 2:00 PM | University Parking Grounds il : 0 PM | i ersit P king Grounds , Call 8 - 44-1309 zeroc r. g/d i it o learn more and a l !

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